The Tigris River (Eastern and Western): One of the largest rivers in the Armenian Highlands. It is composed of two branches: Eastern Tigris and Western Tigris.
Eastern Tigris: Originates from the foothills of Mount Nordus, located in the Andzevatsik region.
It flows westward, reaching the border of Mokk-Korchayk, then turns south and runs along the Korchayk-Agdznik border. Further on, it follows the Agdznik-Korchayk border. Along its course, the following rivers (northern tributaries of the Eastern Tigris) flow into it: River Tatik, River Bagahesh.
In the southern part of the historical province of Agdznik, it merges with the River Tatik. Afterward, the combined channel of the Tatik and Bagahesh rivers flows southward. These rivers join the main channel of the Eastern Tigris on the southeastern border of the historical province of Agdznik. At the Korchayk-Agdznik-Osroene border, it merges with the waters of the Western Tigris to form a common channel.
Western Tigris: Starts from the Armenian Tavra. It flows through Agdznik, reaches the Agdznik-Osroene border, and flows eastward. Along its course, the rivers Kahrid, Aspakan, Sanasno Djur, and Arzan flow into it.
On the Korchayk-Agdznik-Osroene border, it merges with the waters of the Eastern Tigris to form a common channel. The combined channel of the Tigris River.
From the point where the Eastern and Western Tigris rivers merge to the southern border of Greater Armenia, the Tigris River runs along the entire western border of the historical province of Korchayk (Korchayk-Osroene border) and goes beyond the Armenian Highlands.
Euphrates River
The Euphrates [river topography within the territory of historical Ancient Armenia] is one of the largest rivers in the Armenian Highlands (and also in Asia Minor). It consisted of two branches: Eastern Euphrates (ancient Armenian – Aratsani) and Western Euphrates.
Aratsani: It originates in the southwestern part of the historical province of Ayrarat. Aratsani flows through Ayrarat and, to the west of Bagavan, forms a loop and turns south. It then passes through the northern regions of the historical province of Turuberan (along the border of Maradah and Dasnavork areas in the historical province of Turuberan).
In the region of Taron, it turns westward, flowing through the central and western regions of Turuberan. It then passes through the eastern, southern, and western regions of the historical province of Tsopk. There, on the border of Tsopk and Gamirka, Aratsani merges with the waters of the Western Euphrates.
Western Euphrates: Origins: It originates in the historical province of High Armenia. It flows through all of High Armenia (from east to west), reaching the High Armenia-Gamirk border, and then flows south along the border to the border regions of the historical province of Tsopk.
It reaches the middle of the Tsopk-Gamirk border and there merges with the waters of the Eastern Euphrates (Aratsani). The combined channel of the Euphrates River flows along the western border of Greater Armenia (Tsopk border) to the south.
It reaches the Greater Armenia–Lesser Armenia border, northeast of Melitene (Malatya). Right on the border, another river flows into the main channel.
This river originates from the southern regions of Gamirk, reaches the northern border of Lesser Armenia, goes north through the central regions of Lesser Armenia, and reaches the border of Greater Armenia where it flows into the main channel of Aratsani.
The combined channel from the center of the Tsopk–Lesser Armenia border flows southeast, reaches the Tsopk-Agdznik border, and then turns southwest.
From there, it follows the Agdznik-Lesser Armenia border, moving southwest, passes through the northwest of Osroene to the south, and exits the territory of Osroene. Subsequently, the Euphrates River flows through the territory of historical Assyria.
Tiratsuyan Ovanes
Translated Vigen Avetisyan
