Nakhichevan-on-Don, also known as New Nakhichevan was an Armenian-populated town near Rostov-on-Don, in southern Russia founded in 1779 by Armenians from Crimea. It retained the status of a city until 1928 when it was merged with Rostov.
Empress Catherine the Great granted some 86,000 ha of land to the Armenians by a November 14, 1779 decree. The project of resettlement was promoted and financed by Count Hovhannes Lazarian.
Notable people from Nakhichevan-on-Don:
• Raphael Patkanian (1830–1892), Armenian writer
• Mikayel Nalbandian (1839–1866), Armenian writer
• George VI of Armenia (1868–1954), Catholicos of All Armenians
• Martiros Saryan (1880–1972), Armenian painter
• Simon Vratsian (1882–1969), Prime Minister of the First Republic of Armenia
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