The cuneiform text on the basalt obelisk of King Rusa II of Van (680-640 BC) provides invaluable insights into the extensive construction projects undertaken during his reign. Inheriting a state weakened by wars, Rusa II embarked on a mission to enrich and strengthen his kingdom through ambitious infrastructure developments.
The Construction of the Water Canal
One of the most significant achievements of Rusa II was the construction of a water canal from the Hrazdan (Ildaruni) River. This canal, which still bears his name, was a monumental project that transformed the landscape and boosted the agricultural productivity of the region. The cuneiform inscription on the obelisk details the construction of the canal and the sacrifices made to the gods in connection with this event.
The Inscription
The inscription on the basalt obelisk is a testament to the importance of this historical site. It reads:
“This monument to the god Khaldi [Hay], Rusa, the son of Argishti, wrote. By the greatness of Khaldi, Rusa, Son of Argishti, Says: The field of Kuarlini Was a virgin Land, And there was nothing on it. As soon as Khaldi commanded, I planted this vineyard, Created here wheat fields and gardens, Built a new city. I made a canal from the river Ildaruni And called it by the name “Umeshe”. This field of Rusa, When it is irrigated by the canal, Let one kid be sacrificed To the god Khaldi, A sheep for the god Khaldi, A sheep for the god Teisheba, A sheep for the god Shivine, One “sacrifice” to the god Anik. Rusa, son of Argishti, who is the mighty king, the king of the great Kingdom of Peace, the king of Van, the king of kings and the king of the city of Tospa (Toshpa) son of Argishti Rusa says: He who spoils this inscription, who destroys it, buries it in the ground, throws it into the water, moves it from its place, turns it away from the Sun or says “Destroy it”, says to another: “I have fulfilled” and who erases my name and writes his own, be he from Van or Lulur (enemy), may the gods Khalde, Teisheba, Shivine not spare and leave neither his name, nor his family on earth.”
The Impact of Rusa II’s Reign
Rusa II’s reign was marked by extensive construction projects, including the building of cities, roads, water pipes, and canals. These efforts were aimed at revitalizing the kingdom and ensuring its prosperity. The water canal from the Hrazdan River, in particular, played a crucial role in enhancing agricultural productivity and supporting the kingdom’s economy.
Some historians attribute the foundation of the temple preceding Zvartnots to the time of Rusa II’s reign, further highlighting his contributions to the architectural and cultural heritage of the region.
Conclusion
The legacy of King Rusa II of Van is immortalized in the cuneiform inscriptions on the basalt obelisk. His ambitious construction projects, particularly the water canal from the Hrazdan River, transformed the landscape and enriched the kingdom. The inscription serves as a reminder of the historical significance of Rusa II’s reign and his enduring impact on the Van Kingdom.
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